Ingofero yuburengerazuba ifite tekinike yihariye yo gutunganya, kandi tekiniki zitandukanye zo gutunganya zikoreshwa mugukora no gutunganya ingofero zitandukanye. Kurugero, ibicuruzwa bimwe ham bigomba kunywa itabi, mugihe ibindi sibyo. Ubuhanga busanzwe bwo gutunganya uburyo bwa Western ham burimo ubushyuhe buke bwo gukiza no gutera inshinge.
Ubuhanga buke bwo gukiza tekinoroji
Muburyo bwo gutunganya inyama, kugirango tumenye neza ko inyama zifite ubwuzu, ni ngombwa guhora tumenya neza ko ibikomoka ku nyama biri mu bushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe ntibushobora kuba hejuru ya 15 ℃. Gukoresha tekinoroji yo gukiza ubushyuhe buke irashobora kubuza neza kubyara mikorobe, kugirango umutekano n’ubwuzu by’ibikomoka ku nyama, cyane cyane mu gihe cyizuba iyo ubushyuhe bw’ikirere bushushe, bitewe n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ibikomoka ku nyama biroroshye cyane kubora. no kubora, gushyira mu gaciro gukoresha tekinoroji yo gukiza ubushyuhe buke birashobora kwirinda neza ibicuruzwa byatewe no kwanduza kwangirika kwibicuruzwa. Kurugero, tekinoroji yo gutunganya Lyonnaise ham, binyuze mugukoresha ubushyuhe buke, umunyu muke, tekinoroji yo gukiza, ntabwo bigabanya gusa umusaruro wibyakozwe, ahubwo binarushaho kunoza umutekano wibicuruzwa.
Gutera inshinge
Tekinoroji yo gutera inshinge ntishobora kugabanya gusa igihe cyo gukiza ibikomoka ku nyama, ariko kandi igabanya igiciro cyo gukira no kuzamura ubwiza n’umusaruro w’inyama. Ubusanzwe gukiza ibikomoka ku nyama mubisanzwe bifata gukira byumye cyangwa gukira neza, ariko tekinoroji yo gutera inshinge ni ugukoresha imashini zihariye zo gutera inshinge zo gukiza amazi mu nyama mbisi binyuze mu nshinge zo gutera inshinge.
Binyuze mu isesengura rigereranya ryibikorwa byamazi yingurube, imbaraga zogosha, ibara nibindi bice, byaragaragaye ko tekinoroji yo gutera inshinge idashobora kuzamura ubwiza bwingurube gusa, ahubwo inasobanura igipimo cyo gutera inshinge nigipimo cya kole iribwa.
Ikoranabuhanga rya vacuum
Muburyo bwo gukoresha tekinoroji yo gutera inshinge, kugirango turusheho kwemeza ko ubwonko bushobora gukwirakwizwa kimwe mubikomoka ku nyama, kugirango habeho ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bitunganyirizwa inyama, birakenewe gukoresha tekinoroji ya vacuum. Tekinoroji ya Vacuum mubyukuri ni ugukoresha ibikoresho byubukanishi, gukata, gukirana, kuzunguruka inyama, kwihutisha kwinjira muri marinade kugirango urebe ko ishobora gukwirakwizwa kimwe mu nyama, kandi icyarimwe, irashobora gusenya fibre yinyama, kunoza ubwiza bwinyama kugirango harebwe niba ibikomoka ku nyama biryoha icyarimwe, kandi bizamura umusaruro. Byongeye kandi, mu rwego rwo kubuza iyororoka rya mikorobe mu bicuruzwa by’inyama, ingoma y’imashini itwara vacuum yakozwe nka vacuum, ishobora kubuza neza imyororokere mikorobe, kandi inyama zikabyimba cyane muri leta ya vacuum, kugirango marinade yamazi yinjizwe byuzuye nibikoresho byinyama binyuze mu gutitira, gukanda nibindi bikorwa, kugirango marinade ibe imwe. Mubikorwa bya vacuum tumbler, proteyine mubikoresho byinyama ihura neza na brine, ituma iseswa rya poroteyine, byongera guhuza hagati yinyama, kandi bikazamura neza ubwiza bwibice byinyama.
Ikoranabuhanga
Ubwuzu bwibikomoka ku nyama ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyerekana uburyohe bwibicuruzwa. Mugihe abantu bakeneye uburyohe bwibicuruzwa byinyama bigenda byiyongera, ubushakashatsi buriho kubijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutanga amasoko y'ibikomoka ku nyama nabyo biragenda byiyongera.
Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gutanga inyama, nkuburyo bwo gukurura amashanyarazi, uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko, uburyo bwa enzyme yo gutanga isoko nubundi buryo nubuhanga. Gukangura amashanyarazi nuburyo bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi kugirango akangure umurambo, ushobora kwihutisha neza umuvuduko wa glycolysis yinyama, kwihutisha umuvuduko ukabije wimitsi, kugirango wirinde gukonja kwinyama gukonje, bityo tumenye gutanga inyama. Byongeye kandi, imisemburo ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutanga imisemburo ya enzyme irashobora kugabanywamo imisemburo ya exogenous na endogenous tenderizing enzymes.
Ikoranabuhanga
Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuzitira rigamije ahanini ikibazo cyo kubora no kwangirika kw'ibikomoka ku nyama mu gihe cyo kubyaza umusaruro, gutunganya, gutwara no kugurisha, kandi ihame ryacyo nyamukuru ni ugukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kubungabunga ibishya kugira ngo birinde kubora no kwangirika kw'ibikomoka ku nyama biva mu bicuruzwa no gutunganya kugurisha, ifite umurimo wo kwagura ubuzima bwibicuruzwa byinyama. Mubikorwa byo gukoresha tekinoroji yuruzitiro rugezweho, hariho ubwoko burenga 50 bwibintu byuruzitiro birimo, nkigiciro cya pH, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, imiti igabanya ubukana, gupakira ibyuma bikonjesha, nibindi ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye byuruzitiro namahame yo kubungabunga, uburyo bwo kubungabunga bashyizwe mu byiciro, kandi amahame akoreshwa mu kubungabunga harimo kugabanya ibikorwa by’amazi, kuvura ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, gukonjesha ubushyuhe buke cyangwa gukonjesha, hamwe no kongeramo imiti igabanya ubukana, n'ibindi. Ihame nyamukuru ni ugukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kubungabunga kugirango wirinde kwangirika kw’inyama. kuva mubikorwa no gutunganya kugeza kubucuruzi, bifite ingaruka zo kuramba igihe cyibicuruzwa byinyama. Impamvu zitandukanye zuruzitiro kuruhare rwa mikorobe mvaruganda mubicuruzwa byinyama mubice bitandukanye, mugihe ibintu byinshi byuruzitiro bikorera hamwe, ingaruka zo kubungabunga birakomera kuruta uruhare rwuruzitiro rwonyine. Mu gutunganya nyabyo ibikomoka ku nyama, binyuze mu guhuza gushyira mu gaciro ibintu bitandukanye by’uruzitiro, birashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kurinda ubuziranenge bw’ibiribwa n’umutekano.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo kunywa itabi
Mu buhanga gakondo bwo kunywa itabi, gutwika amakara bidahagije bizatera ibibazo by’umutekano, kandi bizanagira ingaruka ku bidukikije, kandi hydrocarbone ya benzopyrene na polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbone ikorwa mu gihe cyo kunywa itabi nabyo bizagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu. Hamwe nogukomeza ubushakashatsi bwerekeranye nubuhanga bwo gutunganya inyama, tekinoroji y itabi yatejwe imbere kandi itezwa imbere kurwego runaka, kurugero, gukoresha uburyohe bwumwotsi, amazi yumwotsi, hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwikira hamwe nuburyo bwo gutera, byahinduye cyane u uburyo bwo kunywa itabi ryinyama no gukemura ibibazo bidafite umutekano kandi bitameze neza muburyo bwa gakondo bwo kunywa itabi. Kurugero, kunywa itabi bikonje birashobora gukoreshwa mugutunganya amagufwa-ham, aho ubushyuhe bugomba kugenzurwa kuri 30-33 ℃ kandi ham igomba gusigara iminsi 1-2 nijoro mugihe cyo kunywa itabi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-13-2024